Main Outcomes and Measures Reported improvement in ADHD symptoms and adverse effects. Follow-up was complete on February 27, 2019.Įxposures α 2-Adrenergic agonist vs stimulant medication as initial ADHD medication treatment. Data were abstracted for 497 consecutive children who were younger than 72 months when treatment with an α 2-adrenergic agonist or stimulant medication was initiated by a developmental-behavioral pediatrician for ADHD and were treated between January 1, 2013, and July 1, 2017. Data were obtained from health records of children seen at 7 outpatient developmental-behavioral pediatric practices in the Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics Research Network in the US. Objective To determine the frequency of reported improvement in ADHD symptoms and adverse effects associated with α 2-adrenergic agonists and stimulant medication for initial ADHD medication treatment in preschool-age children.ĭesign, Setting, and Participants Retrospective electronic health record review. However, up to 25% of preschool-age children with ADHD are treated with α 2-adrenergic agonist medications, despite minimal evidence about their efficacy or adverse effects in this age range. Stimulants are recommended as first-line medication treatment. Importance Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is diagnosed in approximately 2.4% of preschool-age children. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.Alpha2A-adrenoceptors strengthen working memory networks by inhibiting cAMP-HCN channel signaling in prefrontal cortex. The use of α2A adrenergic agonists for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Efficacy of clonidine, guanfacine and methadone in the rapid detoxification of heroin addicts: a controlled clinical trial. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing 2020. Efficacy and gastroprotective effects of tizanidine plus diclofenac versus placebo plus diclofenac in patients with painful muscle spasms. Sirdalud Ternelin Asia-Pacific Study Group. A multicentre placebo-controlled study in general practice to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tizanidine in acute low-back pain. Efficacy of tizanidine hydrochloride in the treatment of myofascial face pain. Manfredini D, Romagnoli M, Cantini E, Bosco M. Tizanidine is effective in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome. Effectiveness of tizanidine in neuropathic pain: an open-label study. The effect of oral tizanidine on postoperative pain relief after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Talakoub R, Abbasi S, Maghami E, Zavareh SM. Tizanidine for the management of acute postoperative pain after inguinal hernia repair. Yazicioğlu D, Caparlar C, Akkaya T, Mercan U, Kulaçoğlu H. Effects of oral alpha 2 adrenergic agonists, clonidine and tizanidine, on tetracaine spinal anesthesia. Oral tizanidine, an alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, reduces the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in human adults. Evaluation of oral tizanidine effects on intra operative hemodynamic responses during direct laryngoscopy under general anesthesia. Tizanidine: a review of its pharmacology, clinical efficacy and tolerability in the management of spasticity associated with cerebral and spinal disorders. Tizanidine treatment of spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clonidine as an adjuvant to intrathecal local anesthetics for surgery: systematic review of randomized trials. ![]() Discussion 27A–28AĮlia N, Culebras X, Mazza C, et al. Hemodynamic and analgesic profile after intrathecal clonidine in humans. Effect of perioperative systemic α2 agonists on postoperative morphine consumption and pain intensity: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Alpha-2 agonists in acute pain management. ![]() Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists: a review of current clinical applications. Giovannitti JA Jr, Thoms SM, Crawford JJ.
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